Rural Development Problems in India and Determinants of Rural Development

 Problems in Rural Development

 As we know the 60-70% of rural population in India lives in primitive conditions. 

 There are many obstacles in the rural development programmes which are as under: 

1. In 21st Century, there is no electricity supply in many villages. 

2. Now also many rural peoples using primitive methods of cooking, living and farming and they have trust on these methods. 

3. By using primitive cook stoves, around 300,000 death/year takes plan due to pollution. 

4. 54% of India’s population is below 25 years and most of them live in rural areas with very little employment opportunities. 

5. Literacy is the major problem in rural development programme.  

6. The poor extension linkage causes slow growth of rural development. 

7. cannot provide satisfactory help to rural peoplesUntrained, unskilled, inexperienced staff in extension linkage . 

8. Every one want to go to the cities, so that rural people’s remains as ignores part by the policy makers also. 

9. Privatization concept is useful for rural development but, government not praying much attention to this aspect. 

10. Policy makes prepared policies, programmes for betterment of rural people but, if these programmes are not implemented very well then have no used.

Major Problems in Rural Development

1. People related: 

            1. Traditional way of thinking.

            2. Poor understanding.

            3. Low level of education to understand                                    developmental efforts and new technology.

            4. Deprived psychology and scientific orientation.

            5. Lack of confidence.

            6. Poor awareness.

            7. Low level of education.

            8. Existence of unfelt needs.

            9. Personal ego.

2. Agricultural related problems:

            1. Lack of expected awareness, knowledge, skill and                  attitude.

            2. Unavailability of inputs.

            3. Poor marketing facility.

            4. Insufficient extension staff and services.

            5. Multidimensional tasks to extension personnel.

            6. Small size of land holding.

            7. Division of land.

            8. Unwillingness to work and stay in rural areas.

3. Infrastructure related problems:

            1. Poor infrastructure facilities like water,                              electricity, transport, educational                                        institutions, communication, health, storage                          facility etc.

4. Economic problems:

            1. Unfavourable economic condition to adopt high                      cost technology.

            2. High cost of inputs.

            3. Underprivileged rural industries.

5. Social and Cultural problems:

            1. Cultural norms and traditions

            2. Conflict within and between groups, castes,                          religions, regions, languages.

6. Leadership related problems:

            1. Leadership among the hands of inactive and                          incompetent people.

            2. Mollified interest of leaders.

            3. Biased political will.

7. Administrative problems:

            1. Earlier, majority of the programmes were                               planning based on top to bottom approach and                     were target oriented.

            2. Political interference.

            3. Lack of motivation and interest.

            4. Unwillingness to work in rural area.

            5. Improper utilization of budget.

Determinants of Rural India

There are many physical, technological, economic, socio-cultural, institutional, organisational and political factors that affect the level and pace of rural development. 

These factors operate at all levels: household, village, district, state, nation and the world as a whole.